Model explaining the relation between distal nephron Li+ reabsorption and urinary Na+ excretion in rats.

Li+ may be reabsorbed via an amiloride-sensitive mechanism in the collecting ducts of rats administered a low-Na+ diet. This was investigated by measuring the increase in fractional urinary excretion of Li+(FELi) in response to amiloride in conscious rats at two different levels of plasma Li+ concentration and after administration of bendroflumethiazide (BFTZ), angiotensin III (ANG III), and aldosterone (Aldo). The results confirmed that amiloride increased (FELi) in rats on a low-Na+ diet (20 ± 1 to 35 ± 1%, means ± SE), whereas no increase was observed in rats on a normal Na+ diet (37 ± 1 to 38 ± 1%). The lithiuretic effect of amiloride was 1) abolished by preadministration of BFTZ (32 ± 1 to 33 ± 2%) to Na+-deprived rats and 2) increased by ANG III (27 ± 3 to 33 ± 2%) and Aldo (25 ± 2 to 37 ± 2%) in Na+-replete rats. Amiloride-induced changes in FELiwere independent of plasma Li+concentration but inversely related to the fractional excretion of Na+ and the amiloride-sensitive excretion of K+. These results are compatible with the hypothesis that a low tubular Na+ concentration reduces end-tubular Na+ reabsorption and results in hyperpolarization of the apical membrane, thus favoring Li+ uptake into the cells.